Shallowmarine strata within the campanian kenilworth member of the blackhawk formation that crop out in the book cliffs of eastcentral utah were examined from their updip to downdip depositional limits. Named for its similar appearance to a stack of books lined up against a shelf, the book cliffs are one of the most wellknown locations for studying sequence stratigraphy. Cretaceous and tertiary formations of the book cliffs, carbon. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the eocene nanka. Sequence stratigraphy, a branch of sedimentary stratigraphy, is a methodology that uses the order sedimentary strata accumulated within a framework of major depositional and erosional surfaces to interpret the depositional setting of clastic and carbonate sediments from. The buck tongue of the mancos shale underlies the sego sandstone member, and the anchor mine tongue divides the lower and upper parts of the sego sandstone member upsection. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the eocene. Information was gathered from a number of sources see info for more information. The book cliffs form a large continuous escarpment 250 km that is aligned wnwese, oblique to regional depositional dip figs 2 and 3a. When one thinks of how little had been published on formalized sedimentary stratigraphy and how little was known of the relationship of fossils to depositional setting and time, this was a miraculous creation of intuitive genius. Beginning near helper, utah, and joined at green river, utah, by a second escarpment, the roan cliffs, the 2,000foot 610metre tall mountain wall, winds a 250mile 400km course along the tavaputs and roan.
Nwajide and reijers 1996, umeji, 2003 and chiaghanam, 2008 have studied the nanka formation with respect to their lithostratgrphy, age relations, sequence stratigraphy, depositional environment, reservoir. The exceptional quality of the wasatch plateau outcrop has given rise to a plethora of stratigraphic studies and serves as a. The shale and cretaceous sandstone cliffs, formed over time by the uncompahgre uplift, are a remnant of the mancos sea floor. Subsurface evaluation of source rock and hydrocarbon. Representative ves curves from three locations are presented fig. Introduction this study examines part of the sedimentary units of the eocene nanka formation of anambra basin exposed at lat. This observation is similar to the work of umeji, 2006 for the turonian campanian boundary between the abakaliki and anambra basins, as exposed at leru, southeastern nigeria. In this lab, you will put together your knowledge of nearshore facies and sequence stratigraphy to correlate sections and interpret facies changes in the cretaceous stratigraphy of the book cliffs. Ojo and akande 2008 proposed a more definite maastrichtian age for the. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the nkporo. Lithofacies, palynofacies, and sequence stratigraphy of palaeogene strata in southeastern. On my first to the book cliffs, the weather was less than idea for viewing from any distance. County clare, ireland spectacular scenery these vertical sea cliffs in upper carboniferous shales and flagstones are of iconic status as a tourist attraction. The little book cliffs of this landscape drawing are nothing more than the far eastern.
The study area is located in kogi state, north central nigeria within the coordinates of. Stratigraphic variations within the sego sandstone, book. Well log sequence stratigraphic and palynological analysis. Book cliffs, geological feature of eastcentral utah and western colorado, u. The invasive body of water is called the western interior seaway, or the great cretaceous seaway. The sedimentary record of sealevel change angela l. Stratigraphic variations within the sego sandstone, book cliffs, central utah article pdf available january 2007 with 165 reads how we measure reads. Sequatchie valley structure and stratigraphy diverse. Geological field mapping is an indispensable exercise in geology because geology is a field oriented discipline.
Here in the deepest part of the canyon, the roan cliffs early tertiary deposits flank both sides and rise to over 9,000 feet above sea level. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphic framework of upper. They are so named because the cliffs of cretaceous sandstone that cap many of the southfacing buttes appear similar to a shelf of books. The seemingly endless stretch of the stratigraphic sequence of the rocks is. A subsequent trip through colorado and utah segments of the colorado plateau provided many photogenic encounters with the book cliffs, which seem to be everywhere in plateau country. Cretaceous shales book cliffs of utah kenilworth member of the blackhawk formation. Sequence stratigraphy of the book cliffs of eastern utah, the. Fielding, christopher 1 1 earth and atmospheric sciences, university of nebraskalincoln, lincoln, ne this study presents highresolution correlations of the upper cretaceous stratigraphy between the book cliffs and the western henry. The stratigraphy of the anambra abakaliki basins reyment, 1965 campanian nkporo group including nkporo shale, oweli sandstone, enugu shale, results and discussion vertical electrical sounding ves. The first major work in the bida basin with focus on stratigraphy and sedimentology is that of adeleye, 1973, adeleye, 1974. Sequence stratigraphy, a branch of sedimentary stratigraphy, is a methodology that uses the order sedimentary strata accumulated within a framework of major depositional and erosional surfaces to interpret the depositional setting of clastic and carbonate. The sedimentary successions of the book cliffs in eastcentral utah have been extensively studied with respect to sequence stratigraphy e. North of awgu the nkporo tional axis into the anambra platform which then. Together with his experience from spdc shell nigeria, simon effectively demonstrated both theoretical and applied aspects at all levels in a clear, concise and thoughtful manner.
Report on geology of igarra north edostate,nigeria facebook. Sequence stratigraphy in the book cliffs, utah goal. It explains this model from basics and shows how the model can be applied to both siliciclastic and carbonate successions. Chapter 2 also describes the internal stratigraphy of the rollins sandstone member and interprets the history of change in sea level during the deposition of this member.
Cretaceous and tertiary formations of the book cliffs carbon. Sedimentology,sequence stratigraphy,anambra basin,nanka formation and eocene. These factors become the cardinal focus of this study on the nkporo shale deposit at orekpekpeimiegba area western part of anambra basin figs. Pdf lithostratigraphy of the maastrictian nsukka formation in the. The video shows some of the field evidence for sealevel change and how the sequence stratigraphy model has been applied to this shallowmarine and fluvial succession. The desert and castlegate sandstones, 2001 pages iiii, 181. The book cliffs are one of the most recognizable landforms in western colorado and eastern utah. Generalized stratigraphic cross section bb consisting of measured sections, one interpreted geophysical log, and core from the western part of the study area. The cretaceous books cliffs of utah are best known as the mecca of sequence stratigraphers, but besides excellent exposures that allow tracing of sandstone bodies and sequence boundaries the succession also contains abundant shales and mudstones. In particular, it concentrates on the current sequence stratigraphy model. Royal holloway bosence, university of london, stephen s. Stratigraphic cross section aa, based on measured section data for the eastern book cliffs of colorado.
It was approximately 4800 km long and up to 1600 km wide. The exception is the ulasi river, which rises near dikenafai in imo state, flows northward to ozubulu in anambra state and then turns round in a wide loop and heads for the. Subsurface evaluation of source rock and hydrocarbon potential of the anambra basin, south eastern nigeria iheanacho princewill ugochukwu dissertation. Geologic setting and stratigraphy the anambra basin is one of the cretaceous sedimentary basins of nigeria, bounded on the southwestern flank by the niger delta hinge line, northwest by the benue flank and southeast by the abakaliki fold belt. For about 200 miles this escarpment extends from where the colorado river descends south through debeque to price canyon near price, utah. Section summary accessible from the selection map, the stratigraphic columns section will eventually be one of the most extensive parts of our database. Sedimentological attributes and stratigraphic of nanka formation, anambra basin,nigeria acra 2e. Many times these concretions are quite fossiliferous while others contain beautiful crystals of barite andor calcite. Stratigraphic cross section of measured sections and drill. Cretaceous straight cliff, forma tian anambra basin, southern nigeria. The sedimentary record of sealevel change the sedimentary record of sealevel change, open university. Designed for undergraduate and graduate courses in sequence stratigraphy. High resolution correlation of the upper cretaceous.
And with the exception of a few privately held parcels of land, almost 96% of the 2. Formation and origin of desolation gray canyon, utah this view of the main part of desolation canyon shows the full, nearly 5,000ft. Arushthe castlegate sandstone of the book cliffs, utah. Book cliffs field trips geology geosciences physical. All but one of the main rivers in anambra state empty into the river niger, which forms the western boundary of the state and constitutes the local baselevel for the rivers. Beginning near helper, utah, and joined at green river, utah, by a second escarpment, the roan cliffs, the 2,000foot 610metre tall mountain wall, winds a 250mile 400km course along the tavaputs and roan plateaus, ending near grand junction, colorado. Obi deparbnent of geology, anambra state university, uii. Highresolution correlation of upper cretaceous stratigraphy between the book cliffs and the western henry mountain syncline, utah.
They follow instructions to construct a measured section. Formation and origin of desolation gray canyon, utah. Fielding, christopher 1 1 earth and atmospheric sciences, university of nebraskalincoln, lincoln, ne. The rollins sandstone member contains a thick marineshoreface sandstone that is a cliffforming unit of the book cliffs east of grand junction, colorado.
Stratigraphy is the science of the layered character of rocks, be these sedimentary, volcanic, metamorphic, or igneous rocks. Highlights upper cretaceous fluvial strata exposed in the book cliffs, utah. Carbonate cementation potentially has significant impact upon reservoir quality. The stratigraphy of the anambra basin southeastern nigeria. Dolomite cement bodies up to 250 m in size abundant in distal fluvial strata. Anambra basin is one of the energyrich inland sedimentary basins in nigeria 153 it is a nearly triangular shaped embayment covering about 3000 km 2 with a total sedimentary thickness of approximately 9 km 2. These new correlations, and the improved understanding of paleogeography that derive from them, have the potential to inform basinscale stratigraphic interpretations to a greater extent than has been. It is on this basis that this work was carried out and a report presented on the geology of igarra and its environs. The site is of international importance and has been recommended for geological natural heritage area designation under the geological survey of irelands igh9 upper carboniferous and permian and the igh3 carboniferous pliocene. The book cliffs have preserved excellent strata of the foreland basin of the ancient western interior seaway that stretched north from the gulf of mexico to the yukon in the cretaceous time. A sequence stratigraphic model for the group was developed by nwajide and reijers 1996, on the basis of stratigraphic analysis of a composite section located at leru, near okigwe. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the nkporo group.
Cretaceous and tertiary formations of the book cliffs, carbon, emery, and grand counties, utah, and garfield and mesa counties, colorado series title professional paper. Sedimentology and depositional environments of the. Outcrop sections of 31 localities were measured, recording facies. The units are arranged to form two stratigraphic sequences represented by the nkporo shaleowelli sandstone and. At some point, this section will contain hundreds of stratigraphic columns from all over the colorado plateau. Introduction facies analysis is an important part of any stratigraphic study. Utah stratigraphic columns overview page these stratigraphic columns are dynamically created on the fly from information stored in a database. American association of petroleum ge ologists continuing education course, field guide, 163 p. Extensive carbonate cementation of fluvial sandstones.
The mancos formation and its stratigraphic equivalent to the east known as the pierre shale, often contain concretions. In the 1980s, exxon scientists used the cretaceous strata of the book cliffs to develop the science of sequence stratigraphy. Stratigraphic cross section of measured sections and drill holes of the neslen formation and adjacent formations, book cliffs area, colorado and utah. Sequence stratigraphic interpretation of chev1, 2, and 3 wells offshore western. Pdf lithofacies, palynofacies, and sequence stratigraphy of.
Lafaigi area, central bida basin african journals online. Stratigraphy and sedimentation of the book cliffs, utah. A preliminary evaluation of missing time in the mesaverde group, book cliffs, utah, u. He states unequivocally, fortunately the geological structure is so simple. Stratigraphy in the book cliffs during late cretaceous time, a time of worldwide high sea level, the stable cratonic area of north america was inundated by marine waters. Anambra basin is one of the energyrich inland sedimentary basins in nigeria.
Sequence stratigraphy of the book cliffs of eastern utah. This video is a virtual field trip to one of the classic locations in the world book cliffs, utah, usa where the sequence stratigraphy method was developed and tested. Biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of the coniacian awgu. Department of geology, anambra state university, uli, nigeria. The book cliffs are one of the worlds best places to study sequence stratigraphy. Mixed meteoricmarine coastal aquifer resulted from baselevel shifts. Outcrop sections of 31 localities were measured, recording facies, stratal surfaces, and paleoflow indicators. It is believed that the anambra benin phase of campanianmiddle eocene is strongly contested. P4and itiowe k5 1,5department of geology, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria 2 dept.
Free web tutorials sequence stratigraphy, tutorials carbonate petrology, seismic interpretation sequence stratigraphy exercises lower. Suu geology field trip to book cliffs near price, utah. These colorado cliffs look like books on a shelf outthere. At their western limit, the book cliffs pass into the northsouthtrending wasatch plateau, which is oriented oblique to regional depositional strike figs 2 and 3b. Simon provides expertise in the areas of sedimentology, sequence stratigraphy and reservoir geologymodelling and has considerable knowledge of the book cliffs. Haughton a practical based on outcrop and subsurface information from one of the classic sequence stratigraphic datasets, the book cliffs in utah, usa, a 100 km traverse from the coastal plain to offshore shelf. Sequence stratigraphy and marine to nonmarine facies architecture of foreland basin strata, book cliffs, utah, u. Descriptions of the mancos shale and mesaverde group along cross section aa mancos shale the mancos shale is dominated by mudrock that accumulated in offshore and open. Enugu expressway in anambra state, southeastern nigeria. Pdf correlating palynofacies assemblages with sequence.
The book cliffs coal field is part of the southern rim of the uinta basin, which is an immense structural trough in western colorado and eastern utah, around whose margin the outcrop of coalbearing. The book cliffs of eastern utah and western colorado figs. William strata smith 23 march 1769 28 august 1839 was an english geologist and surveyor who generated the first geological map of england. The book cliffs are an enormous area that spans two states. The book cliffs are a series of desert mountains and cliffs in western colorado and eastern utah, in the western united states. Pdf sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the nkporo. Cost includes tuition, fees, food, lodging and transportation to. Exposures of upper cretaceous strata in the book cliffs have played a key role in the formulation of modern sequence stratigraphic concepts, and yet correlations with timeequivalent strata in nearby regions remain uncertain, resulting in an incomplete understanding of regional paleogeography. The marginalshallow marine nkporo group is the basal lithostratigraphic unit of the late campanianmaastrichtian successions of the anambra basin, nigeria fig. Sequence stratigraphic interpretations are tightly constrained along 2d cliff. This unique textbook describes how past changes in sealevel can be detected through an analysis of the sedimentary record.
Petrographic observations indicate an early diagenetic origin. Map of the study area in the umuahiabende district of abia state in. Extent and distribution of groundwater resources in parts. Flint, 1999, a sedimentological and sequence stratigraphic reinterpretation of the upper cretaceous prairie canyon member mancos b and associated strata, book cliffs area, utah, u. Desert member to lower castlegate sandstone stratigraphic interval along the. Sedimentary sequenceparasequencesystems tracts highstand, lowstand, transgressive, shelf margin.
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